brand's of UK

1. Cadbury

In 1824, John Cadbury began vending tea, coffee, and drinking chocolate, which he produced himself, at Bull Street in Birmingham, England. John Cadbury later moved into the production of a variety of Cocoas and Drinking Chocolates being manufactured from a factory in Bridge Street, supplying mainly to the wealthy due to the high cost of manufacture at this time. During this time a partnership was struck between John Cadbury and his brother Benjamin. At this time the company was known as 'Cadbury Brothers of Birmingham'.

The two brothers opened an office in London and in 1854 received the Royal Warrant as manufacturers of chocolate and cocoa to Queen Victoria. Around this time in the 1850s the industry received a much needed boost with the reduction in high import taxes on cocoa; this allowed chocolate to become more affordable to everyone.

Due to the popularity of a new expanded product line, including the very popular Cadbury's Cocoa Essence, the company's success led to the decision in 1873 to cease the trading of tea. Around this time, master confectioner Frederic Kinchelman was appointed to share his recipe and production secrets with Cadbury, which led to an assortment of various chocolate covered items.

In 1878, John Cadbury's sons Richard and George (who had taken over the company after John Cadbury's retirement in 1861), acquired the Bournbrook estate, comprising fourteen and a half acres of countryside five miles south of the outskirts of Birmingham. They renamed the Bournbrook estate to Bournville and opened the Bournville factory in 1879.

In 1893, George Cadbury bought 120 acres of land close to the works and planned, at his own expense, a model village which would 'alleviate the evils of modern more cramped living conditions'. By 1900 the estate included 313 cottages and houses set on 330 acres (130 ha) of land. As the Cadbury family were Quakers there were no pubs in the estate; in fact, it was their Quaker beliefs that first led them to sell tea, coffee and cocoa as alternatives to alcohol.
cadbury plc manufactures chocolates and sweets such as the popular Cadbury Dairy Milk.

Notable product introductions include:

* 1865: Cocoa Essence
* 1875: Easter Eggs
* 1897: Milk Chocolate
* 1897: Cadbury Fingers
* 1905: Dairy Milk
* 1908: Bournville Chocolate
* 1915: Milk Tray
* 1920: Flake
* 1923: Creme Egg
* 1929: Crunchie
* 1938: Roses
* 1948: Fudge
* 1960: Dairy Milk Buttons
* 1968: Picnic
* 1970: Curly Wurly
* 1983: Wispa (relaunched 2007)
* 1985: Boost
* 1987: Twirl
* 1992: Time Out
* 1996: Fuse
* 2001: Brunch Bar, Dream and Snowflake
* 2010: Cadbury dairy milk silk, richer,finer milk chocolate

2. Jaguar

Founded as the Swallow Sidecar Company in 1922, by two motorcycle enthusiasts, Sir William Lyons and William Walmsley, the SS Jaguar name first appeared on a 2.5 litre saloon in 1935, sports models of which were the SS 90 and SS 100.

The Jaguar name was given to the entire company in 1945 when the "SS" name was dropped due to its association with Germany's SS military organisation much publicised and in Britain greatly reviled during and following World War II. Cash was short after the war and Jaguar sold to Rubery Owen the plant and premises of Motor Panels, a pressed steel body manufacturing company which had been acquired in the late 1930s when growth prospects had seemed more secure. Nevertheless, Jaguar achieved relative commercial success with their early post war models: times were also tough for other Coventry based auto-makers and the company was able to buy from John Black's Standard Motor Company the plant on which Standard had built the six cylinder engines which, hitherto, they had been supplying to Jaguar.

Two of the proudest moments in Jaguar's long history in motor sport involved winning the Le Mans 24 hours race, firstly in 1956 and again in 1957, in the hands of the little known Scottish racing team called Ecurie Ecosse whose name later went down in legendary status for twice pulling off a David v Goliath effort in the famed car killing race.
The distinctive "leaping Jaguar" mascot

Jaguar, pronounced /ˈdʒæɡjuːər/ JAG-yew-ər (U.K.) or pronounced /ˈdʒæɡwɑr/ JAG-wahr (U.S.), made its name in the 1950s with a series of elegantly-styled sports cars and luxury saloons. In 1951 the company leased what would quickly become its principal plant from the Daimler Motor Company (not to be confused with Daimler-Benz), and in 1960 purchased Daimler from its parent company, the Birmingham Small Arms Company (BSA). From the late 1960s, Daimler was used as a brand name for Jaguar's most luxurious saloons.

Jaguar merged with the British Motor Corporation (BMC), the Austin-Morris combine, to form British Motor Holdings (BMH) in 1966. After merging with Leyland, which had already taken over Rover and Standard Triumph, the resultant company then became the British Leyland Motor Corporation (BLMC) in 1968. Financial difficulties and the publication of the Ryder Report led to effective nationalisation in 1975 and the company became British Leyland, Ltd. (later simply BL plc).

In the 1970s the Jaguar and Daimler marques formed part of BL's specialist car division or Jaguar Rover Triumph Ltd until a restructure in the early 1980s saw most of the BL volume car manufacturing side becoming the Austin Rover Group within which Jaguar was not included. In 1984, Jaguar was floated off as a separate company on the stock market — one of the Thatcher government's many privatisations

KEANE

The most interesting group band that exists in British which had the big success in the whole world is KEANE. KEANE is a piano-rock band from British which born in 1997. They come from Battle, East Sussex, British. Keane isn't as like as the other band. In this band, they does not have a guitarist, which is one of the important positions in a band. but their songs still can make the other people interest. because of their composer is very perfect. so, they got success easily.
Actually, Keane has three members, they are:
1. Thomas Oliver Chaplin as the vocalist. (Born March 8, 1979)
2. Timothy James Rice-Oxley as the the keyboard. (Born June 2, 1976)
3. Richard Davis Hughes as the drummer. (Born 8 September 1975)
And they have one member who has been out in the year 2001, his name is Dominic Scott. he was the guitarist.

Keane has already make two albums, as like as:

1.Hopes and Fears in 10 May 2004.

2.Under The Iron Sea in 12 June 2006

Until today, KEANE has already make seventeen video clips, as like as:

1. Call Me What You Like.
2. Wolf at The Door.
3. Everybody's Changing (1).
4. This Is The Last Time (1).
5. Somewhere Only We Know.
6. Everybody's Changing (2).
7. Bedshaped.
8. This Is The Last Time (2).
9. The Sun Ain't Gonna Shine Anymore.
10. Bend and Break.
11. Atlantic.
12. Is It Any Wonder?.
13. Crystal Ball.
14. Nothing In My Way.
15. Try Again.
16. A Bad Dream.
17. The Night Sky.

the most song that makes me interest is Crystal Ball, because this song is very cheerful, and make me better when i got a bad mood.

Tugas Telaah Pranata Masyarakat Inggris ( individu)

REVOLUTION OF BRITAIN

The Industrial Revolution was a period from the 18th to the 19th century. Britain’s society has a bad situation. It caused by the labours aren’t pay as well as they work. And it also makes the labours going mad, and asking about revolution to Britain Government to a better life in the future. It causes of the Industrial Revolution were complicated and remain a topic for debate, with some historians believing the Revolution was an outgrowth of social and institutional changes brought by the end of feudalism in Britain after the English Civil War in the 17th century. There are big changes in agriculture side, manufacturing side, mining side, and transport side. Most of them have a big change. And it also had a profound effect on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions starting in the United Kingdom, subsequently spreading throughout Europe, North America, and eventually the world. The onset of the Industrial Revolution marked a major turning point in human history. Almost every aspect of daily life was eventually influenced in some way.

Starting in the later part of the 18th century there began a transition in parts of Great Britain's previously manual labour and draft-animal–based economy towards machine-based manufacturing. It started with the mechanization of the textile industries, the development of iron-making techniques and the increased use of refined coal. Trade expansion was enabled by the introduction of canals, improved roads and railways. The introduction of steam power fuelled primarily by coal, wider utilization of water wheels and powered machinery underpinned the dramatic increases in production capacity. The development of all-metal machine tools in the first two decades of the 19th century facilitated the manufacture of more production machines for manufacturing in other industries. The effects spread throughout Western Europe and North America during the 19th century, eventually affecting most of the world, a process that continues as industrialization. The impact of this change on society was enormous.

The first Industrial Revolution, which began in the 18th century, merged into the Second Industrial Revolution around 1850, when technological and economic progress gained momentum with the development of steam-powered ships, railways, and later in the 19th century with the internal combustion engine and electrical power generation. The period of time covered by the Industrial Revolution varies with different historians. Eric Hobsbawm held that it 'broke out' in Britain in the 1780s and was not fully felt until the 1830s or 1840s, while T. S. Ashton held that it occurred roughly between 1760 and 1830. Some twentieth century historians such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts have argued that the process of economic and social change took place gradually and the term revolution is not a true description of what took place. This is still a subject of debate among historians.GDP per capita was broadly stable before the Industrial Revolution and the emergence of the modern capitalist economy. The Industrial Revolution began an era of per-capita economic growth in capitalist economies. Historians and the scientist agree that the Industrial Revolution was one of the most important events in history in the world.

The effect of Revolution of Britain

The Britain society has a better life, because the labours are payed as well as they work, no worker that under 15 years old, the scientist of algebra Antoine Laurent Lavoisier is killed.